Tualang Honey Promotes Apoptosis of the A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line via Modulation of PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway-Related Proteins

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway is frequently overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma and associated with carcinogenesis through cell proliferation, apoptosis deactivation; it also enhances chemotherapeutic drugs resistance. Tualang honey (TH) has proven anticancer property on adenocarcinoma. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unreported. Hence, this study investigates apoptosisinducing effect of TH A549 line using RayBio® Human Apoptosis Array label-free quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to elucidate modulation upstream downstream proteins PI3K/AKT pathway. apoptosis-promoting effects were (i) upregulation pro-apoptotic (i.e. cytochrome c, histone H1.2, H1.4) tumor suppressor IGFBP-3 IGFBP-5), (ii) downregulation XIAP, insulin-growth factor (IGF) system IGF-1, IGF1R, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4), HSP90AB1, YWHAQ, endoplasmin, ITGB1. linked suppression receptor tyrosine kinase, integrins, G proteins, CHUK, RAC1, JAK. Thus, may promote alteration pathway-related proteins. further studies involving animal models provide a better model understanding would prove necessary.